What is a HEPA Filter?

We are surrounded by a myriad of choices when
looking to buy an air purifier. How can we know1. Interception: This affects particles larger than
which kind is the best air purifier? I want to look0.4 microns. The particle enters the filter, hits a
at just one type of filter here. I'm sure we havefiber, and sticks to it.
all heard of HEPA filters. Really, they are2. Impaction: This affects particles about 0.3
everywhere these days. We see them in vacuummicrons. The particle travels through the filter and
cleaners, furnace filters, and, of course, aircan not follow the curving air flow around a fiber.
purifiers. How many of you understand what aIt hits the fiber and gets stuck. this is very similar
HEPA filter is and how it works?to interception.
I'll briefly describe what is it and how it works. I3. Diffusion: This is mainly for particles smaller than
will also explain what it can remove and who willo.1 microns. These smallest particles are hit my air
benefit from using it. Do you need to use a HEPAmolecules causing them to travel erratically
filter? Let's find out.through the filter increasing the chance of them
HEPA stands for High Efficiency Particulate Air.hitting a fiber.
These are widely accepted as the best air filters.HEPA filters are very good at removing particles
First created in the 1940s, they were originallyfrom the air. They will also get rid of some
used in the Manhattan Project to controlbiological organisms. They are not so hot at
radioactive dust. The US military and otherremoving chemicals and odors. These filters
government agencies still rely on HEPA filtersremove the three main causes of allergies: pollen,
when they need to have clean air. HEPA filtersdust, and dander.
can remove 99.97% of particles larger than 0.3One important thing for you to remember is that
microns in diameter. A micron is one millionth of aa HEPA filter can only clean the air that goes
meter. We can see only to about 10 microns withthrough it. You need to be sure that the purifier
our eyes. One hair on your head has a diameterhas a strong fan. Another problem air purifiers
of about 80 microns.have is by-passing air. This is when air can go
These smaller particles are invisible to our eyesaround the filter and leave the air purifier without
and easy to inhale. HEPA filters remove thesebeing cleaned. This is a problem in lower quality
particles before we breathe them into our lungs.machines. Be sure you get a high quality air
Today, any filter that is capable of meeting thesepurifier so you do not have this problem.
standards can be labeled a HEPA filter. Be awareUnfortunately, high quality usually means a higher
of imitators. There are many filters out thereprice tag.
labeled HEPA-type or HEPA-like. These are notThese filters are ideal for someone with allergies
true HEPA filters. They are usually only 85 - 95%or asthma. They remove most things that make
efficient. No where close to a true HEPA filter.you sneeze and cough. These are usually also
HEPA filters actually get more efficient the longerasthma triggers. I use one myself and will never
they are used (to a point of course.) How is thisbe without one again. I find it highly effective at
so? It is because of the way these filters arerelieving my allergies. These are not going to work
designed. They are made of randomly arrangedwell for chemicals and odors. For this reason HEPA
fibers formed into a mat. Usually these fibers arefilters are often combined with an activated
made from fiberglass. The fibers have a diametercarbon filter. This combination works very well
of.5 to 2 microns. The space between the fibersand will meet most of your needs.
is much greater than 0.3 microns. Yet, even withWhen you look for an air filter, find the best one
these large holes only 3 out of 10,000 particlesyou can. Trust the same kind as used by
can get through.hospitals, labs, and NASA. Get a true HEPA filter.
These filters trap particles in three ways.